The Red Badge of Courage :: essays research papers

The Red Badge of Courage, by its very title, is infested with color imagery and color symbols. While stretch out uses color to describe, he likewise allows it to stand for whole concepts. Gray, for example, describes both the literal image of a dead soldier and Henry Flemings vision of the sleeping soldiers as corpses and comes to stand for the humor of death. In the same way, fierce describes both the soldiers physical wounds and Henrys mental vision of battle. In the process, it gains a symbolic meaning which Crane ordain put an icon like the red badge of courage. Stephen Crane uses color in his descriptions of the physical and the non-physical and allows color to take on meanings ranging from the literal to the figurative.Stephen Crane begins the novel with a description of the fields in the morning As the landscape changed from brown to green, the army awakened, and began to tremble with eagerness at the noise of rumors (1). The confuse clears to reveal the literal green world of grass. It also reveals another green world, the world of the youth. Like school children, the young soldier tells rumors within the regiment. This natural backing provides an ironic place for killing, just as these men seem to be the wrong ones fighting in the Civil War. Stephen Crane says something on this in the communicatory He was aware that these battalions with their commotions were woven red and startling into the gentle fabric of the softened greens and browns. It looked to be a wrong place for the battlefield (26). viridity is an image of the natural world and of the armys youth, while red in the previous quote is clearly and image of battle. In the beginning, however, Crane uses red to describe distant campfires one could see across the red, eye-like gleam of the hostile campfires set in the low brows of the distant hills (1). Obviously, the fires are red, but Henry characterizes the blazes as the enemys glowing eyes. He continues this parable in the second ch apter From across the river, the deep red eyes were still peering (15). Crane then transforms this metaphor into arrogance used throughout the text Staring once at the red eyes across the river, he conceived then to be growing larger, as the orbs of a row of dragons advancing (16). The red campfires come to represent eyes of the enemy, of dragons.

America Needs The Draft Essay -- Military Persuasive Argument Essays W

America Needs The DraftA draft starts when there is a major crisis and extra troops are needed for combat. The draft only calls men to duty in a certain order in which they registered. This is called the lottery. Only when Congress passes and then the president signs legislation, the draft can begin. After the Vietnam War was completely over congress felt the draft should be beat to an end. The draft was finally put to an end in 1973 by congress. This pamphlet has been created to help you understand why the draft should be brought back in todays society. governing body Still Finds Ways to Keep Troops OverseasYes, congress ended the draft back in 1973, but they also authorized a stop-loss order, which center each branch of the military can prolong the enlistment of any soldier if the secretary of defense says so. Soldiers that have signed up for part-time jobs in the military are being deployed for an indefinite period and are realizing that the draft is basically back, in a sense. Signing Up with the Selective Service arrangementAs I recall, every one of my classmates ...

The Time Machine and Mrs. Warrens Profession as Socialist Manifesto Es

The Time Machine and Mrs. Warrens Profession as Socialist Manifesto The industrial revolution was the period of greatest economic and expert growth in modern society. Starting in Europe and spreading to the world, multiple countries experienced a new definition of efficiency and productivity. Although the growth was sure as shooting profound, many multitude questioned the methods with which it was achieved and the society created from its ideals. In particular, two British Authors, H.G. Wells in The Time Machine and George Bernard Shaw in Mrs. Warrens Profession provide critiques of capitalism and industrialization. both members of the Fabian society usher pictures of a seemingly content world, which, when examined, reveal the degeneration of modern society, Shaw looking from the present, Wells from the future. Through portrayals of ostensibly prosperous worlds and the conflicts that originate between characters with differing sentiments, both literary works successfully show the disadvantages of the new economic system and predict its destructive consequences in the present and the future. Unlike their subversive communist counterparts, Fabians advocated gradual reform of the capitalist regime by working within the system. Through both emotional and logical appeal, Fabians attempted to sway the general towards greater policies of human rights and equity, creating the basis for modern leftist parties, such as the British Labour party or the democrats of the United States. Shaw and Wells, two of the founders of the party, appeal to the people through both morals and entertainment value in order to powerfully convey the Fabian cause. The Time Machine applies a vision of a disturbing, advanced world to current society, warn... ... change society, as in The Time Machine, or is just entering the social arena, as in Mrs. Warrens Profession, it is obvious what the join and moral choice is in both literary works. No matter how they approach it, both literar y works provide compelling arguments against social social stratification and industrialization, providing only undesirable choices for the audience unless society can overhaul itself. The two stories provide similar critiques of any system promoting class conflicts and exploitation. However different, both present a scene of a seemingly content world, a scene that is shattered when viewed from a closer level. When applied to modern society, both present the view that although the growth of industrialization is undeniable, it is questionable as to whether society truly reached a more desirable end, given the consequences that stem from our progress.

Melting Essay example -- essays research papers

The Great Melting PotM both times when you live in a certain area you do start to choose up on the other cultures around you. No matter what state you live in there are many cultures blending together. umteen wad do blend the other cultures of the people around them into their throw culture. Ive lived in many states and was able to experience this first hand. All my friends have whole picked up on the culture around them from wither their family or friends. All the time I see the cultures blending together. Even if you try to keep your own culture, the culture around you just sneaks in and you dont even realize it. Ive lived in Texas for more than ten years now so now I dont really notice the Mexican culture as I used to. You just drive down any street and can see signs advertising Tex-Mex or Mexican food. The Tex-Mex just shows how much we do integrate the Mexican food in our own food. Many of the menus in these restaurants do have Spanish words on them. Even the decors in th ese restaurants have Spanish influences. You quickly learn what El Bao means.(bathroom) You even have restaurants like Taco Bell and Taco Cabana being nation wide chains. Most of the towns in Texas have more Mexican food restaurants than any other kind. The Hispanic culture is spreading around the country, for instance, Picante is the number one condiment is the United states. Even our school is integra...

Volcanic Emissions and Global Cooling Essay -- Global Warming Climate

Volcanic EmissionsAs volcanoes erupt, they blast huge clouds into the atmosphere. These clouds atomic number 18 made up of particles and gases that were previously trapped in the geosphere, including sulfur dioxide, speed of light dioxide, chlorine, argon, carbon monoxide, and water vapor. Millions of tons of ravishful sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide gas can reach the stratosphere from a major volcano. While all these gases play a gnomish part in volcanic-induced climate change, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide are by far the largest contributors to global cooling.Carbon Dioxide Carbon dioxide emissions from volcanoes total around 110 million tons per year, but this number is extremely small if compared to the 10 billion tons put into the atmosphere by human activities. Despite being a greenhouse gas that is known for its global warming potential, carbon dioxide, combined with volcanic ash, actually act as short-term coolants in the atmosphere by acting as a blanket that absorbs the suns radiation in the stratosphere before it can reach the earths surface. There are those who argue that volcanic carbon dioxide emissions result in long-term global warming, but the amounts released by volcanoes have not proven to be substantial overflowing to significantly affect the global temperature in the long run. sulfur Dioxide Sulfur dioxide has the most adverse effect on the atmosphere of any of the volcanic gases. Sulfur dioxide is converted to sulfuric acid within months of the eruption. Winds then spread these newly formed aerosols over the ... ...here is a definite short-term global cooling offshoot brought about by volcanic eruptions, there have been no noticeable long-term effects, other than the depletion of ozone due to the release of aerosols. The re latively small amount of harm done to the atmosphere by volcanoes cannot even compare to the extensive damage done by man.Sources Cited1. Atmospheric Aersols What are they, and why are they so grave? http//oea.larc.nasa.gov/PAIS/Aerosols.html2. Volcanoes and Climate. http//itg1.meteor.wisc.edu/wxwise/museum/a5/a5volcan.html3. Recent volcanic eruption data. http//skye.gsfc.nasa.gov4. The Science of Climate Change The Aerosol Effect. http//www.panda.org/resources/publications5. The Effects of Volcanic Eruptions on Earths Climate. http//www.geo.mtu.edu6. Volcanoes and global cooling. http//www.nasa.gov

Volcanic Emissions and Global Cooling Essay -- Global Warming Climate

Volcanic EmissionsAs volcanoes erupt, they blast huge clouds into the atmosphere. These clouds are made up of particles and gases that were previously pin down in the geosphere, including sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, chlorine, argon, carbon monoxide, and water vapor. Millions of tons of harmful sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide gas can occur the stratosphere from a major volcano. piece of music all these gases play a small part in volcanic-induced climate change, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide are by far the largest contributors to planetary cooling. carbon Dioxide Carbon dioxide emissions from volcanoes total around 110 million tons per year, but this number is extremely small if compared to the 10 billion tons put into the atmosphere by human activities. Despite being a greenhou se gas that is known for its global warming potential, carbon dioxide, combined with volcanic ash, actually act as short-term coolants in the atmosphere by acting as a blanket that absorbs the suns radiation in the stratosphere before it can reach the earths surface. There are those who argue that volcanic carbon dioxide emissions result in long-term global warming, but the amounts pink slipd by volcanoes have not proven to be substantial enough to significantly affect the global temperature in the long run.Sulfur Dioxide Sulfur dioxide has the most adverse effect on the atmosphere of any of the volcanic gases. Sulfur dioxide is converted to sulfuric acid within months of the eruption. Winds then spread these newly formed aerosols over the ... ...here is a distinct short-term global cooling process brought about by volcanic eruptions, there have been no noticeable long-term effects, other than the depletion of ozone due to the release of aerosols. The relatively small a mount of harm done to the atmosphere by volcanoes cannot even compare to the extensive damage done by man.Sources Cited1. Atmospheric Aersols What are they, and why are they so important? http//oea.larc.nasa.gov/PAIS/Aerosols.html2. Volcanoes and Climate. http//itg1.meteor.wisc.edu/wxwise/museum/a5/a5volcan.html3. Recent volcanic eruption data. http//skye.gsfc.nasa.gov4. The Science of Climate Change The Aerosol Effect. http//www.panda.org/resources/publications5. The Effects of Volcanic Eruptions on Earths Climate. http//www.geo.mtu.edu6. Volcanoes and global cooling. http//www.nasa.gov

Odyssey and Odysseus Dead Crew

Glory In Homers 8th hundred BC epic poem The Odyssey and Sophocles 3rd century play Antigone, the baksheeshers Odysseus and Creon display both similar and different leadership qualities. Odysseus is a leader of a crew hes taking back home from a journey, but has many unexpected encounters on the way back. Creon is the heir to Oedpius thr aver, and is King of Thebes. both are important, however Creon proves to be the better King, seeing as Odysseus crew dies. The qualities of both leaders are what in turn lead to their results. Odysseus must lead his men back to Ithaca.Along the way they stop at an island where each(prenominal) his men are enchanted by fruits. He must do all he can to get them to return to the ship. In another encounter Odysseus dead crew members soul comes back and talks to Odysseus. He asks him to give his body a proper burial. Odysseus does this proving that he is not only loyal to his crew, but to his word as well. Odysseus however learns of a prophecy, one, whi ch tells that if, his men ingest the cattle on the island of Helios they will die. He cannot prevent his men from eating these cattle and they all suffer for their actions.They all die, and Odysseus fails as a leader. Creons takes an evoke approach to his leadership. He is stubborn and compassionate, hot and cold. Creon vows to do everything for the people, and anybody who breaks the law breaks his heart. Creon also makes numerous threats to the criminal who would dare to burry the betraying brother. But when he discovers that his own niece Antigone, his own flesh and blood, is the one defiling the law, he cannot stand it. His whole world starts to deteriorate and he cannot stop it before its too late.

Brief Summary of Islam Essay

Islam began in the 6th century on the belief that Muhammad, a highly respected businessman in Mecca, had genuine revelations from divinity fudge in both Mecca and Medina. This religion began to grow when one of the first disciples, a twenty-two year old detectd Zayd, collected and edited Muhammads literary works of his revelations and published them in one book, known as the Quran.The central beliefs of Islam, and the central acts of Islamic idolisation, can be summarized in the Five Pillars of Islam shahada (bearing witness), which usu bothy manifests itself in reciting thither is no god but perfection, and Muhammad is paragons messenger salah (praying five times a day facing Mecca) zakah (giving to the needy) sawm (fasting during the month of Ramadan) hajj (a expedition to Mecca at some point in ones life). These Five Pillars provide a very helpful framework for understanding Muslim worship practices, and I will begin to expound on Muslim history and culture by examining a spects of these five beliefs. However, these Pillars argon not enough (by far) to encompass all that is being a Muslim. This is especially true in the modern world.The affirmation in the shahada that there is no god but God, or that God is one, was radical for his place and time. Mecca was already a major religious center in Muhammads time, but for the polytheistic religions of Arabia rather than any monotheistic religion. This exist the entire religious system of Mecca. This assertion of Gods unity and oneness is overwhelmingly important to Islam, and that is the witness that Muslims are meant to bear.The shahada is also crucial because of the gene of recitation that it brings. Recitation is also very important to Muslims. In fact, the first word in Gods first revelation to Muhammad (seen in sura 96) is iqraa (recite), from which the word Quran originates. The Quran was in melted for memorization and recitation, and Muslims even now find religious fulfillment in reciting the Qur an aloud. This religious virtue of recitation is seen even in the Quran itself when God holds a contest to see what being can name all of the things the that he had created. The human Adam was the only being, including all the angels, that could recite the names of everything, and this showed God that human beings could be trusted with much responsibility.Not all aspects of Muslim life, however, are encompassed by the Five Pillars. One important aspect, for example, is family and community life. This aspect of Muslim life is partially touched on by the Pillar of zakah (giving to the needy), but its weight is not expressed fully in such a command. When Muhammad left field Mecca, he began a fully Muslim community at the oasis of Yathrib, which became known as the City of the Prophet or Medina. For those who made an affirmation of trustingness and joined the community, loyalty to the community was considered more important than loyalty to anything else, including family. This communit y set the standard for Muslim communities, as Islam today could still be considered a way of life more than a religion that is separate from other aspects of life. Many communities and states who adopted Islam made it a way of life rather than retributive a religion, and this practice even continues today in Muslim nations.Community is extremely important to Islam, but family is crucial as well. All life comes from God, so each child is also considered a precious gift from God. The family can express their gratitude for this gift of life by giving their child a name with religious meaning. This is why the most(prenominal) common name in the world is Muhammad. Since family values have such a high place in the teachings of Islam, most men will get married. However, polygamy is not as common as many Westerners think, even in countries that allow polygamy. Most Muslim men tend to think one wife is enough. However, of those men who choose to have more than one wife, most choose to have four wives, the maximum number allowed by the Quran.It is this focus on the polygamy and the seemingly absent womens rights in Muslim countries that provide some of the deepest differences between Muslims and Western civilization today, but there are also deep divisions within Islam itself. The fundamentalist Shii Muslims, want to bring their Sunni brothers away from their Western ties and get back to the basics of Islam, which surprisingly may allow in more womens rights. This fundamentalist movement and dislike of Western culture is seemingly a pushback against the secular culture of the West that governments, such as ibn Talal Hussein Husseins regime in Iraq, have embraced. This embrace of a secular community rather than a religious community runs counter to what the Shii Muslims believe are the foundations of Islam.Works CitedKellogg, F. http//www.ehcweb.ehc.edu/faculty/fkellogg/211u4.htm Voll, J. O. (1998). From Encyclopedia of Politics and Religion, ed. Robert Wuthnow. 2 vol s. (Washington, D.C. Congressional Quarterly, Inc., 1998), 383-393. http//www.cqpress.com/context/articles/epr_islam.html

Animal Abuse

Many people feature interpreted animals for granted since a long time. Thomas Edison once said, Non-violence leads to the highest ethics, which is the goal of whole evolution. Until we stop harming on the whole otherwise(a) living beings, we atomic number 18 still savages. Animal cruelty is an ongoing problem that many people disregard in todays society. It is generally ca procedured by the use, neglect, and in decenniumtional mistreatment of animals, all of which can still be prevented by stricter laws, awargonness, and education. Its said that an animal dies in a laboratory every iii seconds.An estimated 25 to 35 million animals are helplessly used in the United States each year for three main purposes biomedical and behavioral research, education, and medicine and product testing (Fox, 58). Animals range from approximatelyly rodents to rabbits, cats, dogs, and monkeys. The conditions in which laboratory animals are kept in are not good at all. Cages are besides weeny and the animals are deprived of social interaction (59). Three examples of the use of scientific research on animals are the Draize test, LD/50 test, and bring tests.The Draize test is the close to common procedure to test for irritation. Animals used in this test are rabbits, mainly due to their extremely sensitive eyes. Because rabbits shake no tear ducts, it makes it easier for scientists to be because the rabbits cannot wash test materials out of their eyes. In performing this test, a rabbits head is placed in stock to prevent the animal from boodle or pawing at the eye in which a substance has been placed. The lower lid of one eye is pulled down and away from the eye.Then, the test substance such as nail polish remover, shampoo, or mascara is dropped into or smeared on the eye. The other eye acts as a control. Testers look for redness in the affected eye, swelling, and other signs of irritation. Corneal ulcers and blindness are often the result. After the test, the rabbit s are either killed or used in another test (McCoy 47). The LD/50 test was demonstrable in England in 1927, by a mathematician. This test is often criticized as unreliable and cruel. The objective of this test is to measure how much of a chemical is requisite to cause death.The majority of animals used in this test are dogs, rats, hamsters and guinea pigs. In just one single test, up to 200 animals may be used. Laboratory animals are force-fed toxic substances by a stomach tube. Then the animals are observed for two weeks or until death. The animals that survive are usually killed later, as if its nothing. some other procedures include the inhalation of a chemical or substance. Animals are forced to breathe the vapor or powder of a chemical or substance. Sometimes, these chemicals are applied to the skin of an animal.In all these tests, observers look for signs of poisoning, bleeding from the eyes, nose, or mouth, difficulty in breathing, tremors, paralysis, and coma (McCoy 106) . Toys are often needlessly tested on animals to determine their safety. To test toy guns, manufacturers point the guns in animals faces and see if the plastic pieces discharged hurt the animal. Substances like modeling clay are force-fed to animals to test its toxicity. Other tests involve dropping toys on animals to see if any parts hurt them. Not merely are these tests cruel, they are unnecessary.Most toy companies have new high-tech methods of testing their toys for safety without harming animals (Various Authors, 61). Animals werent created to entertain. Examples of this are the menageries, circuses, and rodeos. At zoos, large captive animals pace vertebral column and forth in small pens and other animals just lie around in their cages bored. Many healthy animals are snatched out of their natural habitats and brutally transferred to a cage, where they are prevented from following their most basic instincts, such as gathering food.When capturing chimpanzees, poachers usually s hoot the mother and kidnap the child. After all this, statistics show that only one in ten baby chimps survive the journey to the zoo. Zoo animals also suffer from mistreatment. They lack privacy and cannot live according to their natural needs. Aquatic animals have very minuscule water, animals that once lived in herds are alone, and animals of all types are prevented from natural mating, flying, running, climbing, and other instinctive behaviors. Animals bred in zoos are often sold to laboratories for experiments or to circuses.Some zoo animals end up in wild game parks or hunting preserves where people pay thousands of dollars to shoot a lion or tiger at point-blank range (Various Authors, 64). Both the Draize test and LD/50 test should be banned. They are not only inaccurate, but the Humane ordination of the United States stated that its results are of little value in diagnosis and treatment (McCoy, 49). The toy tests should just be completely banned because it is just area m ean and pointless. Many people dont realize this but circuses are one of the greatest examples of peoples cruelty to animals.Not only are circus animals taken out of their natural habitats, they are confined in cramped cages. Sometimes they have inadequate food and drinking water. When it comes to training, they substantiate tight collars/muzzles and are whipped, prodded to perform senseless tricks for the sake of entertainment. Some circus animals are drugged to make them more obedient, and others have their teeth and claws removed. When circus animals have outlived their usefulness, they are usually sold to zoos, private collectors, game farms, or research laboratories.They dont get a secondment of peace, even after they are done performing (Various Authors, 65). Rodeos are basically defined as a demonstration of a persons domination over an innocent animal, quite a than their skill in riding. Rodeo animals suffer a lifetime of stress by being transported from one rodeo to anot her. These animals are captive performers, housed in tiny trailers and pens, then whipped into transport for the sake of a show. Electric prods, sticks, painful ointments, and other devices are used to enrage animals and keep them in line.Many suffer severe bruising, neck and back injuries, internal hemorrhaging, and broken bones. Several rodeos dont even offer veterinary care to animals, which often infrago open wounds, skin infections, cracked hooves, and other maladies (Various Authors, 66). There are various and simple preventions to help stop animal cruelty. One being PETA one of the many organizations for animal rights. PETA is responsible for ending the use of the Draize test. Their tactics consists of organizing boycotts, promoting shareholder resolutions and alerting the general public (McCoy, 47).Although the federal Animal Welfare Act was created, the animals being researched in laboratories receive little protection under this act because the United States Department o f Agriculture does an inadequate job of inspecting animal research facilities, and an even worse job enforcing the law when violations are found. If this act is taken seriously, there would be fewer problems. There are countless alternatives to scientific research including non-animal laboratory tests, clinical tests on human beings, cell and tissue cultures in vitro microorganisms and other species believed to have limited or no feeling for pain or suffering.There is also a large data base of ingredients and products that have been previously tested, as well as computer models that can provide answers in research procedures or techniques. This alternative would involve fewer animals per experiment/ take away and that leads to less pain and discomfort (McCoy, 52). Another easy prevention is education. Respect for animals is learned, not inborn. In reality, children have complex feeling about animals, including fear, and the potential to be cruel. Children need adults guidance and su pervision when it comes to animals.Its hard for children to understand because children are exposed at a young age, the stereotype of how animals are. Dogs, cats, rabbits are often portrayed as the good ones, while snakes, bears, and cheetahs are seen as the dangerous, bad guys. Despite these stereotypes, all animals are equal and should have the chance to be treated fairly. Other ways to teach children to be kind to animals are writing letters to companies that test on animals, and reading books about friendly animals (Harnack, 89).All these preventions are artless and simple to follow. Animal cruelty is an ongoing problem that many people disregard in todays society. It is mainly caused by the use, neglect, and intentional mistreatment of animals, all of which can still be prevented by stricter laws, awareness, and education. Clearly, empathy is no longer understood or experienced. It is not too late to help animals who suffer every moment of their lives in unethical experiments and abuse inflicted on by humans.

John Locke Essay

The topic that I chose for my philosophy paper is empiricism. Empiricism is the theory that every friendship is derived from sense-experience. This idea was developed from a noteworthy English philosopher, John Locke, states that knowledge can only come from our sensory experience, nowhere else. Empiricists believe that getting knowledge without the experience is unachievable. There are collar subcategories of Empiricism Classical, Moderate, and Radical. Classical Empiricism completely rejects the thought of in-born knowledge. It states that at birth, we are born as a blank slate.Throughout the years, the more(prenominal) experience the more we learn. Radical empiricism is a dividend of the theory that concludes that knowledge comes from our senses. When we experience certain things, the sense that comes along with it is what gives us the knowledge that we take from it. Moderate empiricism is a more improved on and fits todays philosophical and psychological findings. Moderate empiricism writes that not all knowledge should come from what you live through some of it is simply well-educated. A valid example that they used to further prove their theory is the understanding of school subjects such as math or history.A person doesnt bear to live through anything to understand that a triangle has three sides or that George Washington became president in 1789. I interpret this theory the way it was written. I understand where john Lockes idea of empiricism evolved from and there are many pieces of evidence to support it. I think what this theory states is that our experiences define us as humans. What we live through is what gives us the knowledge on either how to improve on it, to learn from it, or to continue doing it. In many ways, I believe that this is true in sculpting our personality.I think this theory goes in search of why people are so diverse, despite that they are taught the same material in school, and they answer that with the fact that every individual goes through incomparable experiences and thats what makes us different and therefore gives us our knowledge. There are numerous examples of empiricism. Any experience in which a lesson is taken from is proof of empiricism. That may include a hypothesise experience in which the employee disappointed their manager and now knows to do everything he can to avoid doing what it is that he did. This goes along with Classical and Radical empiricism.The individual has learned something based solely on experience, scarcely also through the sense of embarrassment and disappointment. A student who puts in a large amount of try in his work and then receives praise on it from his teacher will want to go through that experience again and touch accomplishment. I feel very diverse about this theory. In many ways I do agree with it because our experiences are what give us our beliefs and set us as different individuals.However, the theory in ways contradicts itself because it underest imates the power of learning in class and eruditenot to do certain things even. An example that I have lived through that goes along with my opinion on this is my health class in the seventh grade where we were taught all the vital effects of drugs. Therefore, I have learned, but not through experience, not to do drugs. I did not have to go through addiction or even experimentation of illegal substances in order to get the knowledge not to do them. The theory that more closely relates to my belief is rationalism.Rationalism states that knowledge is based off of reason. Examples of that is mathematical problems,knowing an illusion isnt real and that your mind is actually being deceived, and why things happen the way they do. We dont touch a pot of boiling water because weve done it before and experienced pain, we dont touch it because we see the steam coming out of it and with that, we imply our reasoning that it would burn if we do touch it.There is also a flaw in empiricism. We a ll perceive things differently, and therefore our knowledge may be inaccurate. A student presenting expertness think he did awful and never volunteer again because his experience gave him the false knowledge that he wasnt able to do good.Meanwhile, his fellow classmates might have thought greatly of his presentation. Empiricism can give off false knowledge of our experience, making us self-conscious, and even changing our personality completely, all because of how we perceived it. That is why I apply rationalism to my life and personality. I dont have to experience something in order to gain knowledge from it. I am able to make decisions based off of reasoning, knowing the effect of an action without having to experience it, and knowing what is right without having to do what is wrong first.

Legal Underpinnings of Business Law Essay

The key to limiting liability exposure is to realize where your company might be vulnerable. It is important to be able to discern possible situations that make a company vulnerable. Knowing all possible significant aspects of any liability associated to the type of descent an owner wants to participate in is vital. A business owner should always understand and tolerate working knowledge of all laws that apply to your business to prevent liabilities. Personal Business thinkMy future personal business venture would a clothing line for curvy women. As a curvy woman, it is very difficult to find non-geometric, non-tent like, blooming patterned, ugly business and casual clothing. The best business organizational form for this business would be an LLC. LLCs are easy to set up. Chose a business name that incorporates LLC, file an article of organization, create an operating agreement, obtain licenses and permits, hire employees, and finally open the doors.I would have variety of partn ers from textiles, designers, clothing producers, managers, and finally selling specialists. The personal liability exposure would be minimal. With an LLC if I messed up the partners would not be responsible. The consequences are not as bad is if I was in a corporation. The LLC is more flexible. The positives are less record keeping and more profit sharing. The state would have some say into my company so I would have to keep up with guidance regularly.The negative of this company is that once a member leaves, the entire company must complete their duties and responsibilities and then dissolve. Another downcast fall is that self-employment tax contributions towards Medicare and Social Security. The net income of the LLC is subject to this tax. The federal government does not recognize LLC as a business entity for taxation purposes, all LLCs must file as a corporation, partnership, or sole proprietorship tax return. Certain LLCs are automatically classified and taxed as a corporat ion by federal tax law.

Project Proposal for Library System with Barcode Technology Essay

1.0 INTRODUCTION1.1 Background of the ProblemSTI is the second largest IT-based educational trigger in Asia and has branches all over the Philippines. It has a branch in Malolos and is located at McArthur Highway Veritas compound, Dakila, Malolos City, Bula stinkpot. There are more than two hundred students and some sixteen (16) personnel including part-time and full-time faculty members. All students and faculty members are allowed to borrow books. The STI College Malolos program library has only one Librarian. There are 5,586 books with a wide array of topics/subjects. It houses two write in coder units as extension to research for users whose needs are not supplied within the location.As for the school bibliothec, the bibliothec has difficulties in computing charges generating reports, monitoring overdue and managing database.The proponents aim for the improvement and efficiency of the schools library consummations.1.2 Overview of the Current State of the engineeringdepositor y library System is an green light resource planning frame for a library, used to track items owned, bills paid from patrons who have been lost the book or overdue book and patrons who have borrowed.1.3 forge RationaleThe library of STI College Malolos give benefit from the proposed computerized library system with Barcode Technology. It will reduce time and effort for both librarian and students. StudentsThe Students of STI College Malolos will benefits from this system because they can easily borrow or return from the library. They dont need to search the book by borrow through index card. LibrarianThe librarian will also benefits a lot from this system because thecomputerized library system with barcode technology would help her lessen her work from maintaining the books from their availability since its already computerized. The work of the librarian would be easier and faster. It will help her to easily monitor the transaction of the books. ProponentsThe proponents will al so benefits from this system because the proponents can apply their knowledge that they have learned from school. The system is a very big advantage to them because it will develop their skills in terms of programming.2.0 confuse DESCRIPTION2.1 Problem StatementSince STI College Malolos is using manual transaction there are possibility that data might get misplaced during manual transactions and time consuming. Too much paper work, since everything and every stop is written down manually in paper.2.2 Proposed Research Project2.2.1 General ObjectivesThe main objective of this study is to come up with Computerized Library System with Barcode Technology for STI College Malolos.. The proponents would like to automate STI College Malolos move using Barcode Technology to reduce tie and effort for both librarian and students.2.2.2 Specific ObjectivesTo take a shit a module that will compute penalties for delinquent borrowers. -A function that will generate a minimum amount of penalty f or the delinquent of the library. The penalty will be based on the librarian. To create a module that will generate reports.-System will generate standardized reports such as list of borrows, list of new books, list of shamed books, list of delinquent borrowers and other periodically and start to end date of report and other options can be included. This system will held the librarian create reports that are required by school. To create a security and model in audit traverse.-The proposed system will improved the record keeping process of their current system by having security measures and database that will accommodate all the transactions inside the library. Each user will be given a certain level of security to ensure the security of the database. The module has a log in system that will require username nad password onward system can be used. Level of Accesion will be implemented to protect surreptitious records that other users should not see or use. An audit trail will b e used to track transactions that require the modifying or updating of sensitive and confidential records. To create a transaction module for borrowing and returning book(s). -Having a computerized system in borrowing, returning and searching of books. It is easier and more convenient for the user to find a certain book by title, by subject author. The time required in searching and processing these trasactions in the will require the modifying or updating or updating of sensitive and confidential record.2.2.3 Scope and LimitationsScopeProposed system will cover the followingBooks File Maintenance-The system can store, retrieve, modify and deleted file will moved to instrument of records. Return and Borrowing Transaction-The system is automatically set the day of return and borrowing. Compute the days of penalty-The system will automatically compute the days of penalty and cost. Reports-Book List-Patron List-Transaction List-Returned ListArchives-Books-PatronsUtilities Back-up and Restore Audit Trail Setting User Setting Change cry Time and Date SettingLimitationsThe system will not cover the followingReservation-The system will not cover the reservation of the books.Library Budgets-The system will not include inventory of other STI College Malolos Library assets such asoBooks SuppliesoTablesoChairsoBook Shelf2.2.4 MethodologySda6 Parts of Spiral lessonCustomer Communication-We conduct an interview to gather information that we need to this proposed project. We provide questionnaires and make researches about the STI CollegeMalolos Library.Planning-We distributed task for each member and created questionnaires for the interview. venture Analysis-We identify the errors and bugs in our system. We will analyze each and every error occurred during testing.Engineering-We design and constructed the system using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0, adobe Photoshop 5.0 and MySQL.Construction and Release-The system will be tested in STI College Malolos to check if the syste m reached their satisfaction. We will also teach them how to manipulate this system.System military rank-Asking for feedback from customer is important in making a system. In this part of Spiral model, we ask for feedback to our customer for us to know what the rating of our system is.3.0 PROJECT MANAGEMENT3.1Calendar ActivitiesJULY 1 10 Searching for CompanyJULY 10 11 Conduct InterviewJULY 12 AUGUST 30 Conduct ResearchJULY 15 AUGUST 30 DocumentationJULY 22 SEPTEMBER 11 CodingAUGUST 1 SEPTEMBER 22 TestingGANTT CHART3.2 ResourcesHardwareThe proposed Computerized Library System with Barcode Technology for STI College Malolos requires hardware requirements as well. Since the school has a computer laboratory, STI College Malolos already meets all the requirements for a desktop, at least Intel Pentium 4 Processor with at least 2,4Ghz, at least 512mb RAM, and 80gb Hard Disk Drive and Barcode Technology.SoftwareThe proposed system will run in windows XP SP2 and SP3 with MySQL for da ta storage program of the system.4.0 cecal appendage4.1 Referenceshttp//google.comhttp//pscode.comhttp//fb.com/ITEAhttp//symbianize.com4.2 Resource PersonsMs. Claricel V. MejiaSchool LibrarianSTI College MalolosMr. Christopher Rae PerezSchool IT HeadSTI College MalolosMr. Samson EugenioSchools Academic HeadSTI College Malolos4.3 Personal Technique VitaeMaelynne Joy A. EstanderSan Pablo, Malolos CityMaelyn_joy18yahoo..com accent Allan D. FranciscoGrand Royale, Malolos CityMafrancisco14gmail.comEmil Paolo M. TamondongLugam, Malolos CityEmilpaolo02gmail.com

The purpose of doing this is to analyze the disease history

Like all little children whenever I saw my weak mother suffering from ill wellness I had dreams of being a doctor. But adulthood brought some self realization and I knew that this was not the chosen profession for me. I was scared of roue and the sight of it brought nausea and giddiness in me. Dreams of taking a knife or an injection died a natural death.As I had an aptitude for numbers and was self-assured of my logical thinking, I opted for Mathematics and statistics as my undergraduate major and computer science as minor. For the past five years I withdraw been examine mathematics and statistics in University I have been involved in some projects related to the medical field.In these projects, I used SPSS, MiniTab, SAS to generate meaningful statistical breeding including the comparison of means and proportions and investigation of relationships between variables using regression. Currently I am involved in a project focusing on historical census records. The purpose of doin g this is to analyze the disease history of the family that would modify doctors to adopt preventive measures for emerging generations.The summer of 2007, when I met a girl from the CH&E section in the course of my work in a Diabetes program reinforced the idea that I should pursue this MSc CH&E program and base my future career on this. That was the first reason for my choice of this program and Dalhousie University.The MSc Program in Community Health and Epidemiology would enhance my knowledge, analytical skills and formal critical methods with application to disease prevention, wellness promotion and assessment of community health service and system needs. After successful completion of this program I would have honed my skills in a broad range of community health and epidemiology query studies, intervention programs and policy development efforts.Faculty members in the Department of Community Health and Epidemiology in Dalhousie have backgrounds in a number of disciplines and have contributed tremendously to Health Research and Health Promotion.The associate professors who are the fulltime faculty here have a reputation that has added to my reasons for the choice of this school. One of my desires is to be under the expert guidance of Associate Professor Judith Guernsey. Her Ph.D. Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, her research interests and activities where there is a heavy focus on the health of rural communities have particularly appealed to me because I feel that this is an indication of true social awareness.My interests are in the areas of dependance and health of women and when I read thatThe research interests of Associate professor Susan Kirkland include Womens Health, Aging, Health Services and Osteoporosis I consider this as a great prospect to interact with her, and I have heard a lot about her lectures. I look forward to gaining admission in this school and be benefited by her lectures on Advanced Epidemiology. I have also re ad about the research activities of George Kephart and I would be fortunate to be exposed to professional caliber of such superior kind.I also look forward to taking the course on Biostatistics which would be handled by Associate Professor Gordon Flowerdew. I would like to further enhance my training in Mathematics and statistics because I have been doing well in these subjects and am confident of rising up to the standards of all these seasoned expertsModern people-based health management is complex, requiring a multiple set of medical, political, technological, mathematical skills of which epidemiological practice and analysis is a core component that is unified with management science to succeed efficient and effective health care and health guidance to a population.This task requires the forward looking ability of modern risk management approaches that qualify health risk factors, incidence, prevalence and mortality statistics (derived from epidemiological analysis) into ma nagement metrics that not only guide how a health system responds to current population health issues, but also how a health system can be managed to better respond to future potential population health issues.My sprightly work in this educational program where I intend to make full use of the opportunity given by the course curriculum would enable me to pursue a longstanding career in the field of community health.The field of epidemiology would allow me to contribute to the medical profession, in a way that would instance my temperament too, because this is in the medical field, but without going through the tough first hands on experience of a doctor or a nurse.My interest and grounding in statistics would come in handy because the program enables the student to critically appraise, evaluate and design community health and epidemiological research studies and programs through the use of appropriate research methodologies and sources of information.After successful completion of this program I would be competent enough to effectively communicate my knowledge to the world and other health professionals and this would help my career objectiveMy short shape is to get into CH&E program, then get the masters degree long term plan is to work as a researcher and analyst in the medical field area. I would also try to become a health protection practitioner, working in different settings and combating outbreaks of disease.

English Vocabe Essay

Their meanings and correct usage in sentence terminate verb abolish something to officially end a law, a system or an institution This tax should be abolished. 1 sudden and unexpected, often in an unpleasant dash an abrupt diversify/halt/ discharge The accident brought his c arer to an abrupt end. 2 speaking or acting in a way that seems unfriendly and rude not taking quantify to say more than is necessary abrupt bearing She was actually abrupt with me in our meeting.The interview ended abruptly. Absolute adjective 1 total and oer(p) a class for compulsory beginners direct confidence/trust/silence/truth Youre wrong, she commonwealth with absolute certainty. Around them the darkness was absolute, the silence oppressive. 2 only before noun employ, in crabbed in spoken English, to choke emphasis to what you are saying Theres absolute rubbish on boob tube tonight. He must earn an absolute fortune. 110 MB is the absolute minimum you unavoidableness to run the program. What an absolute idiot Ive been 3 definite and without any doubt or confusion There was no absolute proof.He taught us that the laws of physics were absolute. The divorce became absolute last week. 4 not peculiar(a) or restricted absolute provide/authority an absolute ruler/monarchy (= one with no furbish up to their power) 5 existing or measured independently and not in relation to something else Although prices are go in absolute terms, energy is still expensive. Beauty cannot be measured by any absolute standard.It was absolutely pouring with rain. 2 absolutely no, absolutely nothing used to emphasize something invalidating She did absolutely no work. Theres absolutely nothing more the doctors can do. 3 used with adjectives or verbs that express strong feelings or extreme qualities to mean extremely I was absolutely hot with him. She absolutely extols you. Hes an absolutely brilliant cook. 4 used to emphasize that you grant with soul, or to give soulfulness permission to d o something They could have told us, couldnt they? Absolutely Can we leave a little early? Absolutely 5 absolutely not used to emphasize that you strongly plow issue with psyche, or to refuse permission Was it any good? No, absolutely not. Absolution NOUN (especially in the Christian Church) a formal statement that a person is forgiven for what he or she has done wrong Absolutism noun 1 a political system in which a ruler or government has total power at all times 2 belief in a political, religious or moralistic principle which is thought to be true in all circumstances Abstain verb 1 refrain (from something) to choose not to use a vote, either in favour of or against something Ten tidy sum voted in favour, five against and two abstained. abstain (from something) to decide not to do or have something, especially something you like or enjoy, because it is bad for your health or considered morally wrong to abstain from alcohol/ rouse/drugs 3 abstain (from something) (Indian English) to stay away from something.What she did was an abuse of her position as manager. 2 unfair, cruel or violent treatment of somebody child abuse sexual abuse storyed abuses by the hole-and-corner(a) police She suffered years of physical abuse. 3 uncountable rude and offensive remarks, usually make when somebody is genuinely angry Synonym SYNONYM insults to scream/hurl/shout abuse a stream/ alky of abuse The man burst into a torrent of foul-mouthed racist abuse. Acquaint verb acquaint somebody/yourself with something (formal) to make somebody/yourself familiar with or aware of something Please acquaint me with the concomitants of the case.You will first need to acquaint yourself with the filing system. Acquiesce verb acquiesce (in/to something) (formal) to accept something without arguing, even if you do not really agree with it Senior government figures must have acquiesced in the cover-up. She explained her plan and reluctantly he acquiesced. Acquiescence noun the fact of being willing to do what somebody wants and to accept their opinions, even if you are not sure that they are right There was general acquiescence in the UN sanctions. Acquire verb 1 acquire omething to gain something by your own efforts, ability or behaviour She has acquired a good knowledge of English.How long will it take to acquire the necessary skills? He has acquired a reputation for dishonesty. I have recently acquired a druthers for olives. 2 acquire something to obtain something by buying or being given it The company has and acquired unexampled premises. How did the gallery come to acquire so many Picassos? Ive suddenly acquired a stepbrother. phrase an acquired taste a thing that you do not like much at first entirely gradually learn to like Abstract art is an acquired taste.Acquisition noun 1 uncountable the act of getting something, especially knowledge, a skill, and so forththeories of child language acquisition 2 countable something that somebody buys to add to what they already own, usually something invaluable His latest acquisition is a racehorse. The money will be spent on acquisitions for the university library. 3 countable, uncountable (business) a company, piece of land, etc. bought by somebody, especially another company the act of buying it They have made acquisitions in several EU countries. he acquisition of shares by employees.The group has announced its first overseas acquisition a successful software company. Acquit VERB 1 acquit somebody (of something) to decide and state officially in court that somebody is not guilty of a crime The jury acquitted him of murder. Both defendants were acquitted. She was acquitted on all charges. He was acquitted on the grounds of insufficient evidence. resistanceconvict 2 acquit yourself well, badly, etc. to perform or behave well, badly, etc He acquitted himself brightly in the exams.Adapt verb 1 to change something in order to make it suitable for a refreshing use or situation nonym SYNONYM modify, hold something These styles can be adapted to suit several(prenominal) tastes. adapt something for something Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people. 2 to change your behaviour in order to deal more successfully with a new situation m SYNONYM adjust Its amazing how soon you adapt. The organisms were pressure to adapt in order to survive. adapt to something We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.A large organization can be unbend to adapt to change. adapt yourself to something It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings. 3 adapt something (for something) (from something) to change a book or play so that it can be made into a play, film/movie, television programme, etc Three of her novels have been adapted for television. Adequate adjective copious in quantity, or good enough in quality, for a particular purpose or need an fitted supply of hot water supply The room was small but adequate. There is a lac k of adequate provision for disabled students.He didnt give an adequate answer to the question. adequate for something The space available is not adequate for our needs. adequate to do something training that is adequate to meet the future needs of industry OPPOSITE inadequate adequateness noun uncountableThe adequacy of the security arrangements has been questioned. OPPOSITE inadequacy adequately adverb Are you adequately insured?Clean the step up first, or the paint will not draw together. There was oil adhering to the birds feathers. Praisal Verb Use adhere to something to behave according to a particular law, rule, set of instructions, etc to follow a particular set of beliefs or a fixed way of doing something For ten months he adhered to a strict no-fat low-salt diet. She adheres to teaching methods she learned over 30 years ago. Staff should adhere strictly to the safety guidelines. The diet will work if it is adhered to.Adolescence noun the time in a persons life when he or she develops from a child into an enceinte SYNONYM puberty Adolescence brings about major changes in a young persons body. insipid noun a young person who is developing from a child into an adult adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 Adopt verb CHILD 1 to take somebody elses child into your family and become its legal parent(s) a campaign to encourage childless couples to adopt adopt somebody to adopt a child She was forced to have her baby espouse. ethod 2 adopt something to start to use a particular method or to show a particular attitude towards somebody/somethingAll three teams adopted different approaches to the problem. steer 3 adopt something to formally accept a suggestion or policy by voter turnout to adopt a resolution The council is expected to adopt the new policy at its next meeting. new name/country 4 adopt something to choose a new name, a country, a custom, etc. and begin to use it as your own to adopt a name/title/language archean Christians in Europe ado pted many of the practices of the older, pagan religions. ay of behaving 5 adopt something (formal) to use a particular manner, way of speaking, expression, etc He adopted an air of indifference. candidate 6 adopt somebody (as something) (British English, politics) to choose somebody as a candidate in an election or as a representative She was adopted as parliamentary candidate for Wood Green. Adore verb (not used in the progressive tenses) 1 wonder somebody to love somebody very much Its obvious that she adores him. 2 (informal) to like something very much adore something I simply adore his musicDont you just adore that dress adore doing something She adores working with children. Adorn VERB to make something/somebody look more attractive by decorating it or them with something adorn something/somebody Gold rings adorned his fingers. Graffiti adorned the walls. adorn something/somebody/yourself with something The walls were adorned with paintings. The children adorned themselves w ith flowers. adornment . noun A plain necklace was her only adornment. Advocate (v) VERB to support something publicly advocate something The group does not advocate the use of violence. dvocate (somebody) doing something Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour. advocate that The report advocated that all buildings be fitted with smoke detectors.The report advocated that all buildings should be fitted with smoke detectors. Aesthete (Esthete) NOUN a person who has a love and mind of art and beautiful things Aesthetic (Esthetic) concerned with beauty and art and the understanding of beautiful things an aesthetic appreciation of the landscape The benefits of conservation are both financial and aesthetic. made in an artistic way and beautiful to look at Their furniture was more aesthetic than functional. aesthetically (North American English also es-)adverb aesthetically pleasing colour combinations.

Examining the selection criteria for equity finance investment in social enterprise

question Methodology The of import purpose of this persona is to discuss how the primary enquiry has been carried come forward and the rationale for the choice of methodology. The conclusion of the literature review showed that in that location ar currently no publicly agreed criteria for sociable accident capital funding and very little in the way of definitive advice for social enterprisingnesss attempting to raise this kind of funding. As a result, it is Coperni jakes to gather primary info to further the development of robust conclusions and to firmness of purpose the seek questions.When proposing a drapeigate methodology for an in-depth field of study much(prenominal) as this, Saunders et al. (2009) suggest that it is practical to build the explore methodology and look into design in such a way that it supports the boilers suit necessitate and objectives of the query. As such, every aspect of the methodology must reflect the overall purpose of the enquiry , and be ge bed towards resolutenessing the enquiry question and accomplishing its objectives (Neuman, 2000).This chapter therefore outlines the methodology through which the research objectives were met, and the question answered. Several important itemors, such as the research philosophical system, design, strategy and entropy collection are highlighted. Issues relating to the researchs validity, generalizability and reliability are excessively discussed. explore PhilosophyAccording to Easterby-Smith et al (2008), it is important to understand the research school of thought being suck inive in management research, as it helps light up how the research should be designed, approached, and how data could be collected and analysed. Easterby-Smith et al also post that an understanding of the research philosophy could help the detective in creating, designing and identifying research that may not in line with previous(prenominal) experiences.Based on the research drives an d objectives, the researcher deemed it roughly appropriate to adopt an interpretivist philosophy. This is due to the overriding aim of this research, which is to understand the reasons behind social endeavour funding, olibanum implying that there is a need to understand tender responses to a situation, thereby making the result of the findings potential differencely looseive in nature (Denzin and Lincoln, 2003). Saunders et al (2009) note interpretivism is an epistemology that advocates that it is necessary for the researcher to understand differences between homophiles in our role as social actorsThe researcher volition need to make sense of the subjective and socially constructed meanings expressed by respondents, as per the interpretivist philosophy (Saunders et al, 2009). The interpretivist perspective can be argued to be decidedly appropriate when it comes to management research due to the multiplexness and uniqueness of business situations (Saunders et al, 2012 Neuman , 2000). As a result of this choice, the positivist philosophy would not be adopted in this study, as it would be ineffective to adopt a philosophy that observes and generalises social reality (Robson, 2002). Collis and Hussey (2003) also argue that the positivist philosophy cannot help understand the inner feelings, attitudes and human emotions behind social enterprise investments, as these could differ from one investor to another.Research ApproachAccording to Collis and Hussey (2003) a research that adopts an interpretivist philosophy should be inductive in its approach. An inductive approach to research can help to gain an understanding of human interpretation to events, which is especially useful in management research, where the attitude and motivation of stakeholders matter (Saunders et al, 2009). As this study is concerned with understanding how social enterprise investors determine their investment criteria, then it is useful for this research to adopt an approach that make s it possible to understand human emotions and attitudes, compared to the deductive approach that is usually based on speak scientific principles and academic theories (Bryman and Bell, 2007).Research PurposeAs the aim of this study is to identify what social venture capitalists bearing for in an investment opportunity, this lends itself very much to an exploratory research methodology. According to Robson (2002, pg. 59), an exploratory research is a valuable marrow of finding out what is happening to seek in the raw insights to ask questions and to treasure phenomena in a new light. Saunders et al (2009) also state that an exploratory research is useful if the aim of the research is to understand a problem, find out whats happening, or when the researcher is particularly shy active a research problem. As such, an exploratory study is an ideal design, as it helps to answer this researchs question more effectively.An exploratory study has been chosen compared to descriptive st udies which portray accurate events of people, events or situations (Robson, 2002), because this research seeks to find out and not to narrate. Furthermore, the literature review already shows that there is poor information on selection criteria on social enterprise investments, which defeats the purpose of a descriptive study. The resembling also applies to explanatory studies, where the emphasis is to study a situation and explain the relationship between cardinal or more variables (Saunders et al, 2009). This study is not designed to assess the relationship between variables, but alternatively to understand investor attitude. An exploratory study is therefore the just about effective form of answering the research question. information CollectionSaunders et al. (2009) suggest that when accumulation primary data for an inductive exploratory study, it is normal that much of the data leave alone be qualitative in nature. While there is a considerable amount of numerical da ta around the subject of venture capital and social enterprise, these statistics are not sufficient to clarify investment criteria. A further issue with quantitative data is that this research does not seek to patch up hypothesis and as a result, a methodology needs to be chosen that produces qualitative data. To answer the research question, and to develop a better understanding of this new development for both the social VC and social enterprise industries, it is important to collect data that is rich in opinion and explanation (as recommended by Morris and Wood, 1991). soft data collection is therefore the most appropriate for this research.As it is anticipated that much of the primary data gathered for this study will be qualitative in nature, Saunders et al. (2009) suggests that there are several techniques for gathering primary data. These include inter alia converses, surveys, focus groups, case studies, and participant observation. To obtain rich data that will be suffic ient to part with for analysis, the development of themes, and sufficient contrast of opinion, techniques such as questionnaires and general surveys with titanic samples are unlikely to be effective (Morris and Wood, 1991). Firstly due to the fact that they will not ply the necessary opinion to answer the research question but more importantly due to the fact that there is a limited sample of available respondents with the necessary experience in their industry, as will be clarified in the data sources section of this methodology.While both the VC industry and the social enterprise movement are good established, the actual colligate between them is relatively new and as a result it is important to select a technique that allows for the development of theories to emerge during data collection and analysis. A longitudinal study would potentially be ideal as would the case study method, since both of these allow for the opportunity for the discovery of interesting new ideas and th eories (Adams and Schvaneveldt, 1991). A longitudinal study is not appropriate for this harangue due to the clip constraints, and so a cross-sectional study is more appropriate. While there was the potential to carry out a case study of either a social VC fund or a social enterprise, this would puddle only provided information around one organization. To effectively analyse the link between two industries it is more appropriate to gather data from a broad cross section of organizations and links to avert either any bias or isolate opinion (Collis and Hussey, 2003).According to Belk (2008), the main weakness of qualitative data collection is that it can be limited by insufficient resources. This means that because references are resource intensive, a narrower range of opinion is gathered. However Collins & Hussey (2003) argue that if the interviews are well structured even though they only gather the opinions of a relatively small research race the depth and breadth of data ga thered and the fact that it is contextually relevant is certainly sufficient in terms of data validity and reliability for an exploratory study such as this.Having established the sentence limitations and the issue that the potential sample is limited but should be sufficiently broad, interviews emerge as the most appropriate methodology. As Sanders et al (2009) explains, there are a number of contrastive ways that an interview can be stockpileed. It is first important to establish which structure of interview is the most appropriate. There are three main categories of interview structure, and these are structured, semi-structured and unstructured. The primary distinction between them being the level of immunity given to the researcher in terms of asking different questions to interviewees, and varying the length allowed for the responses (Saunders et al, 2009).The literature showed that there is no clarity as to either the criteria used for funding or for the advice to those se eking funding, and as a result there needs to be the opportunity for the interviewees to express opinion and provide information that moves beyond the confines of a set of structured questions. To develop new and interesting theories, it is essential that the interviews allow for different responses (Robson, 2002). However, this dissertation has a limitation of length which prevents unstructured interviews from being an appropriate technique as it could potentially allow for too much data to be collected making analysis overly complex or it could prevent the necessary focus on the issues related to the research question. Semi-structured interviews allow for sufficient data to be collected while also providing the flexibility that is necessary for the researcher to develop both skipper insight and sufficient opinion for the analysis (Bryman and Bell, 2007).Data Sources and Data Collection TechniquesSince it has been established that the author shall conduct semi-structured interview s, it is important at this stage to re-visit the research questions, which are as followsWhen evaluating social enterprises for equity investment, which criteria are considered most important Do social venture capitalists differ in their evaluation criteria compared to commercial venture capitalists lowly research questionWhat are the drivers for the social venture capitalistsA questionnaire has been developed accordingly and used as a guideline, allowing for flexibility of the discussion and giving the respondents room to reject certain questions or focus on questions that was within their expertise, whilst still ensuring answers to the more critical questions. This semi-structured format is favourable also because it allows for discretion and prioritization in time management, without the need to interrupt or inconvenience the respondent (Neuman, 2000).Primary data has been gathered apply say questionnaire, from five individuals that are responsible for screening social enterpr ises in the UK for irritate to equity investment. Five interview respondents were seen as ideal for a number of reasons. Firstly, this research is exploratory in nature secondly, time constraints would have made it difficult to gather and analyse data from more than five respondents and lastly, it was difficult to gain access to these individuals.The semi-structured interviews were conducted over the phone and in face-to-face environments, as per the respondents preference. The questionnaire was shared beforehand allowing the respondents time to consider and acquire for the questions if need be, as well as to filter out respondents who were not well suited. Research participants were back up to expand upon their responses to allow the researcher to gather a wide range of data (Belk, 2008). The interviews were audio-recorded with consent and afterwards transcribed verbatim1, in order to allow the researcher to focus on the interview and fully compel with the respondent, without compromising on the accuracy of the data collected (Robson, 2002). This further allowed for the researcher to take note of spare non-verbal communication to enrich the quality of data retrieved (Kvale and Brinkmann, 2009). At the end of each interview, a summary was developed in order to reflect upon the progression of the interview process and start developing any findings. This cave in and reflect process in between interviews, as recommended by Saunders et al (2009), has allowed the researcher to adapt to this new knowledge and delve deeper into the research questions with each ensuing interview. This process has led to an additional set of questions on the questionnaire2, with the aim of addressing four new research questionsIs there in fact a market/ read for equity investment in social enterprise in the UK Is there a supply/ strike balance of social enterprises to social investment How do SIFIs interact What does the future of social investment look likeOnce the data had b een gathered, the author administered data reduction techniques (Miles and Huberman, 1994) by critically reviewing and selectively think on key parts of the extended text which are the transcripts. By extracting relevant pieces of information to answer our research questions, along with our notes throughout the interview process, the author was then able to codify the data, which was then subject to thematic analysis. Data collection, data analysis and the development and verification of the propositions have been very much an synergistic and interrelated set of processes, whereby actual analysis occurred throughout. The flexibility of this process was key to enabling more perceptive data and propositions, as enabled by an inductive approach.Issues of Reliability, Validity and GeneralisabilityReliability denotes the extent to which findings from a research can provide consistent findings, if another study were to adopt its data gathering and sampling technique (Easterby-Smith et al, 2008). The study threats to research liability respondent bias, respondent error, interviewer bias and interviewer error (Robson, 2002) were avoided bySending the questionnaires to the respondents beforehand to avoid misinterpretation of intent or questions. Audio-recording the interviews, and taking time-outs to reflect on the answers and ask further questions. Analyzing the data using data-reduction techniques, in order to prioritize the key findings and avoid loss of data.Validity, according to Saunders et al (2009) is concerned with whether findings are really about what they appear to be about. The interview questions were based on the research question, thus linking respondent answers to the overall aim of the research. Furthermore, the respondents were accredited professionals with industry insight on social enterprise investments. As a result, they were most fit to answer the interview questions. This helped ensure the data collected and analysed was valid.Generalisabil ity measures the extent to which research findings are generalizable to other research settings (Saunders et al, 2009). Due to the inductive nature of this study, it is the researchers opinion that the findings of this research are generalizable to social enterprise investments in the UK. The findings from this research could help explain how investors determine what social enterprises they would invest in the UK. This is due to socio-economic factors that may differ from one country to another.EthicsWith any primary research it is commanding that matters relating to research ethics are taken into account (Denzin and Lincoln, 2003). This includes ensuring that research participants have a unobjectionable understanding of what the research will entail and their contribution to the research. Research participants have agreed to support the research voluntarily, and so Denzin and Lincoln (2003, p.114) describe this as informed consent. The author has explained the nature of the res earch and calm down research participants of their role. Furthermore, confidentiality will be maintained through ensuring anonymity of research participants throughout this dissertation, only divulging participants call on a need to know basis to dissertation assessors. Not only is this ethical high hat practice, but Bryman & Bell (2011) also highlight the fact that it further ensures that the researcher gathers legitimate data which is not subject to inadvertent bias, for example a research participant feels that they must say nice things about their supervisor. In this instance because the research is heavily reliant on personal opinion then it is imperative that research ethics are observed.Due to the respondents varying assumptions in definition when referring to key research terms, such as social enterprise and social venture capital, all questions were clarified in full point where necessary, and the author ensured an alignment of understanding prior to collecting data. ReferencesAdams, G. R. and Schvaneveldt, J. D. (1991) Understanding Research Methods, Longman Group UK, 406ppBryman, A. and Bell, E. (2007) Business Research Methods, second Ed, Oxford University Press Oxford, 786ppCollis, J. and Hussey, R. (2003) Business Research A Practical Guide for Undergraduate and Postgraduate Students, 2nd Ed, Palgrave McMillan NY, 374ppEasterby-Smith, M., Thorpe, R., and Lowe, A. (2008) Management Research An Introduction, 2nd Ed, SAGE London, 194ppMorris, T. and Wood, S. (1991), Testing the survey method continuity and change in British industrial relations, Work, Employment & Society, Vol. 5 No. 2, pp. 259- 82.Neuman, W. L. (2000) Basics of social research qualitative and quantitative approaches, Pearson UK, 391ppRobson, C. (2002) Real world research a resource for social scientists and practitioner researchers, 2nd Ed, Wiley-Blackwell NY, 599ppSaunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A. (2009) Research methods for business students, Fifth Edition, Pears on Education NJ, 624pp

Negro Art

The year 1919 witnessed the st device of a very important movement in the creativity in stratagems by the total darkness Ameri heaps. This movement is known as the Harlem Renaissance the flourishing of Afri washbowl American cultural and intellectual life. It featured the creativity of the total darknesses in the field of devices, catering to their every need, identical literature, drama, music, visual art, and dance. It encouraged the artist in every raw American to stand up and be recognized. New York Citys Harlem would be the center stage for painters, sculptors, musicians, and writers to produce works of art. During this time art was given a huge responsibility it would become the of import medium through which the African American laundry would strive for equality.Black Writers and the inkiness ArtM any(prenominal) dim writers, much(prenominal) as Alain Locke, W.E.B. DuBois, and Langston Hughes wrote specifically about the vastness of art and its ability to promote equality. Although many blackened writers agreed with this idea, other more conservative writers did not such is the case with George S. Schuyler. In his work The inkiness-Art Hokum Schuyler states that race and art are separate, and in that respect is no lightlessness Art exactly only American art. While his integrated and collective view of art whitenessthorn confuse a positive outlook in our time, it was less than encouraging for those living during the Harlem Renaissance. Looking at both sides would mean exploring the depths of how these writers understood Negro Art and American Art.Alain Locke and The New NegroThe importance of art was first exposed by Alain Locke in his famous render The New Negro. This essay is often seen as the catalyst for the emergence of a hot movement within the African American society. Written in 1925, Locke aims to tell the nation that African Americans are changing and adapting under the social prejudices that ready previously been forced up on them. The mind of the New Negro is moving away from social discourse, and it is shaking withdraw the psychology of imitation and implied inferiority (Locke pg).A new group of tidy sum are being make he calls them the New Negro. Locke calls for artistic contri thations by the black race. He believes that with art, the race will ready cultural recognition he looks at the role of art as a bridge betwixt individuals and cultures (Gates 984). This is a transformation of some sort something which doesnt rely on how things are usually through something that embraces a new psychology and possesses a new spirit.Alain Lockes The New Negro aims to define the new black American lifting him from the images of slave trades and plantation workers. He explains how the old concept of Negro is more of a mythical figure, something which the society has dictated it to be. This is usually a view of the oppressed poor, being stepped on date some populate are holding them back. These characteris tics however, were more of a conceived trait rather than a perceive trait.The society thinks that up until that time, the Negroes were low lives who are incap fitting of artistic appreciation and production. They retain their eyes unopen about the Negros achievements, including literature, music and visual arts. Alain Lockes The New Negro is not of necessity introducing a new breed of black Americans. It is more of an eye-opener of what these people contract created and what theyre capable of doing in the context of art.W. E. B. Du Bois and his Criteria of Negro ArtThe following year W. E. B. Du Bois contributed similar views of art and race with his speech Criteria of Negro Art, in which he specifically defines art as the key to equality among the races. He states that art is propaganda and that it should always be propaganda. DuBois feels that art is a way of proving stars humanity. Just as soon as the black artist appears, someone touches the race on the shoulder and says. He did that because he was an American, not because he was a Negro he was born here he was trained here he is not a Negrowhat is a Negro anyhow?He is just human it is the kind of thing you ought to seem (Du Bois pg). This portrait of racial equality through art is an inspiring call for the emergence of black artists. accord to Du Bois, black American art should utilize truth as a tool. Since art is propaganda, it should aim to search the truth and show the truth. Artists will fully understand art if they are truthful with what they create, with what they write artists should be truthful with the way they handle their art.The Negro-Art Hokum vs. The Negro Artist and the Racial MountainIn 1926, the June discipline of The Nation featured The Negro-Art Hokum by George S. Schuyler as well as Hughess response temporary hookup The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain. The magazine had angered Schuyler by appointing Hughes as a amateur before the article had even appeared (Kuenz 174). Ultimately, the pairing of these two essays lends many to play favorites among the two rather than valuate each piece as its own subject. As one would expect, Schuyler often receives negative opinions.George S. Schuyler viewed art as something that should not be divided by any race instead, it should just be recognized through a certain nationality, and in the case of the Negro art, it should just be classified as an American art. Schuyler may have a point, but he was not able to properly explain and stick out it. It could mean that he was more concerned in further marginalizing the situation of the black Americans, thats wherefore he opted for a more general classification which is considering Negro art as American art. aside from his color, which ranges from very dark brown to pink, your American Negro is just plain American Negroes and whites from the homogeneous localities in this country talk, think, and act about the similar (Schuyler). He made a mistake however, when he roughly talked down on the black Americans because it seems that he has no regard for the black culture, saying that it is just a matter of color. He may have generalized on the artistic aspect of black Americans, but they also posses a culture which has essentially contributed in the formation of the country.Schuyler didnt recognize the existence of the black American culture This, of course, is easily understood if one stops to realize that the Aframerican is merely a lampblacked Anglo-Saxon (Schuyler). This statement made by Schuyler somewhat looks down on the African American culture, assuming that they have just black counterparts of the white residents of the country.Black Americans have a easy culture, including a wide influence in art. This doesnt give any person the right to assume that they are just colored counterparts of the majority.One descent that Schuyler raised was that black Americans are living the same lives as white Americans, thats why at that place shouldn t be any difference even in their perception and appreciation of art.When the jangling of his computerized axial tomography alarm clock gets him out of hisGrand Rapids bed to a breakfast similar to that eaten by his white brother across the street when he toils at the same or similar work in mills, mines, factories, and job alongside the descendants of Spartacus, Robin Hood, and Eric the Red when he wears similar clothing and speaks the same language with the same degree of perfection when he reads the same Bible and belongs to the Baptist, Methodist, Episcopal, or Catholic church.When his fraternal affiliations also accept the Elks, Masons, and Knights of Pythias when he gets the same or similar schooling, lives in the same kind of houses, owns the same makes of cars (or rides in them), and nightly sees the same Hollywood version of life on the screen when he smokes the same brands of tobacco, and avidly peruses the same puerile periodicals in short, when he responds to the sa me political, social, moral, and economic stimuli in precisely the same manner as his white neighbor, it is sheer nonsense to talk about racial differences as between the American black man and the American white man (Schuyler). This lengthy but meaningful passage by Schuyler could be considered as his basis for the argument that whites and blacks are just superficial concepts.However, he didnt consider one thing culture goes beyond what you eat, what you do for a living it is deeply rooted in the peoples emotions, a basis for their character formation. Once it is imprinted in their personality, these black Americans would surely recognize what is black and what is white when it comes to art.The Negro-Art Hokum can be seen in a number of different ways and can easily be misconstrued. It has caused some to view Schuyler as a traitor to his race (Gates 1220).Hughes attacks this presumption in The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain. He argues that African Americans should be proud of their heritage and culture.Langston Hughes The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain, he points out that despite living in a country make full with white people, African Americans should never look away from where they sincerely came from. They should stand up for their heritage and culture, which could be manifested in different forms of art. According to Hughes, the Negro artist is full of potential, because he has a very rich culture backing him up. Without going outside his race, and even among the better classes with their white culture and conscious American manners, but still Negro enough to be different, there is sufficient material to furnish a black artist with a lifetime of creative work (Hughes).This statement means that the Negro could truly afford to be different because they are characterized with a rich culture, as well as neat talents that would supply a lifetime of creative works in the form of literature, visual arts, and more. People possessing these skills an d talents should not be ashamed of his roots. Instead of succumbing to the white Americanization of these artistic skills, African Americans should focus on how they would be able to make their culture stand out. They should love their own, especially their artists who posses the talent that could match and even surpass any artist from other races.The African American people should learn to appreciate their own creations, and address these as the output of a black American, and not of a commoner. Many blacks valued to be assimilated by the whites and their culture, but to Hughes, he suggested that it is better to accept what you really are Why should I want to be white? I am a Negroand beautiful (Hughes)The racial mountain is the obstacle which the black Americans should be able to conquer. They may be living in a country full of white people telling them what to do, what to think, and what to follow. The black Americans have to overcome this push-shove treatment being given to the m, and that could be realized by strengthening their own culture. They have a lot of potential, added the fact that they posses talented young minds. All they have to do is to stand up to the challenge and prove that they can truly be considered a unique, unconditional culture.Look at Race in art Locke says its important, Dubois says its important, Hughes says its important. Schuyler says there is no race in art- only art. He has a good point- but it seems that he was overlooking the importance it can have for a culture. He seems to overlook the fact that equality had not yet been achieved and that his fellow artists wanted to gain that equality through art. Its interesting that Schuyler was denying that very vehicle that would hopefully gain the equality he presumed to be already in effect.Schuyler seems ahead of his times. He writes The Negro-Art Hokum in 1926 and argues that there is no Negro-Art there is simply American Art, and no distinction between the two. Although he makes an understandable argument it seems that he denies the main problem. We can see how one may agree with Schuyler in that both African Americans and white Americans have had an affect on one another. But when we look at what Hughes says about racial pride, its enceinte to agree with Schuyler.Works CitedDuBois, W.E.B. Criteria of Negro Art. 1926. The Crisis. November 7 2007. .Gates, Henry Louis, and Gene Andrew Jarrett. gateway to the New Negro. The New Negro Readings on Race, Representation, and African American Culture, 1892-1938. Ed. Alain Locke. New York Atheneum, 1968. 3-16.Hughes, Langston. The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain. 1926. The Nation. November 7 2007. .Locke, Alain. Introduction to the New Negro. New York Atheneum, 1968. 3-16.Schuyler, George S. The Negro-Art Hokum. Nation 122 (1926).

Political Dynasty Essay

The Philippine authorship is a Social Contract which embodies the unsounded principles and policies, harmonise to which the Filipino battalion be governed by the State. The fundamental principles are abstract and as such they cover every aspect of the life of the Filipino people while the fundamental policies cover special(prenominal) areas of application of those principles. The fundamental principles remain fixed and permanent, precisely the policies built upon those principles screw be modified or repealed by legislation to suit the needs of the times.The title is product of my out of the box philosophizing or so the provisions of particle 1 and variance 26 taken together of expression II of our Constitution. I must say that philosophizing does non tell us my conclusions and/or thoughts are right or wrong, true or false, but it has certainly given me the basis upon which to present my meta-understanding of subdivision 1 and piece 26 bind II, Section 1 says The Phi lippines is a democratic and republican state. Sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from them. This is the most basic principle of the Constitution, and it refers to a natural police force as formulated and accepted in the mind it refers also to essential truth upon which some other truths are based. Article II, Section 26 The State shall guarantee equal access to opportunities for public service, and prohibit governmental dynasties as may be defined by law. This is a policy built upon the principle of Section 1, and it refers to a planned line of conduct in the light of which individual decisions on political dynasties are make and coordination is achieved.Moreover, political dynasties refer to the line of politicians of the same families. both(prenominal) coin has two inseparable opposite sides the brainpower and the tail yet they complement each other as they are opposed to each other to constitute only star coin. Similarly, the politi cal issue on dynasty has two opposite yet completing sides (a) the principle of political dynasty of Section 1 and (b) the the policy of political dynasty of Section 26. Both Sections constitute one Article II. The policy of Section 26 names the specific area of application of the principle of Section 1 of the same Article II.The policy of Section 26 is built upon the basic principle of Section 1. Moreover, the fundamental principle of Section 1 remain fixed and permanent, but policies of Section 3 can be are modified or repealed by legislation to suit the needs and demands of the times. The People The Creators and get the hang of Political Dynasties The phrase sovereignty resides in the people, and all government authority emanates from them clearly shows that the people are the habitat of the sovereignty.However, people have two distinct yet mutually complementary meanings, namely, people as electorate which is the source of political power of pick out politicians and people as corporate nation which is the reason for existence of elected politicians. These dual meanings of people effectively signify that the elected politicians are public servants of the people wherefore the people are their boss and master in our democratic and republican state, not the way most By virtue of their sovereign power, the people are superior to any and all existing political dynasties, whose reason for being is service to their masters, the people.On lesson grounds, the people must be awakened to the human beings that they are the boss of political dynasties, and therefore they have no reason to fear the, before, during, and after political elections. Centrality of godliness in the Constitution The centrality of incorruptity to our Constitution is evident in the Preamble, in the imploration to Almighty immortal for aid to build a just and humane society and to establish a Government that shall sustain the Filipino ideals and aspirations and promote their common g ood under a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace.The rest of the Constitution revolves about these lesson ideals and moral values. These are the moral foundations of the Social ethics Society. There are socio-economic phenomena in umpteen areas of the country where the life-style and the exercise of political power by political dynasties is betrayal of public trust, because it is not in accord with the following moral imperatives and criteria of right and wrong in public service in the public eye(predicate) office is a public trust.Public officers and employees must at all times accountable to the people, fare them with utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and efficiency act with patriotism and justice, and lead modest life. (Article X on Accountability) Every elected politician in the public service is bound to abide by those mandates. Congress had passed anti-graft and anti- putrefaction laws, e. g. RA No. 6713, also known as Code of Ethics for Government Officials and Employees, in the public service. However, it appears that umteen of our elected politicians pay only lip service to anti-Graft and Anti-Corruptions laws.For instance, there are widespread phenomena of bribery and corruption in the public service, reportedly perpetuated by corrupt politician, many of whom are allegedly members of political dynasties. Centrality of Morality to lawfulity The Preamble provides the moral grounds and the foundation of ethical politics of several Articles of the Constitution. No statutory law is enforceable if it is unconstitutional and the Constitution cannot be enforced if it is immoral. The bottom line any alter law on political dynasty is legally binding upon the Filipinos, only if it is constitutional and moral.A law that is moral is always constitutional, but a law that is constitutional is not necessarily moral. A Moral and respectable Proposal I believe the policy of Section 26 which prohibits political dynasties as m ay be defined by law has two distinct opposite sides, (1) the letter of the Constitution which is the legalistic side, and (2) the spirit of the Constitution which is the ethical side. The pro-political dynasty advocates and promoters behave in accord with legal politics.Their action is legal so long as there is no law defining and enabling the constitutional prohibition against political dynasties. Therefore, the anti-dynasty advocates and promoters should stand on moral and ethical grounds against political dynasties. It is my proposal on moral and ethical grounds that the anti-dynasty advocates should explicate and promote the concept of political dynasty of the people based on the principle of Section 1 face-to-face the political dynasties of oligarchs based on the policy of Section 26 but built upon the principle of Section 1.When there is a conflict between a principle and its policy, the principle should prevail over its policy. Moral, Ethical, and Legal Practices in Politi cs Moral and ethical are similar in meaning in that they both have to do with the difference between right and wrong. They are dissimilar in meaning in that ethical tends to refer to a code, system, theory, or standard of judging rightness or wrongness of moral behavior whereas moral tends to refer to more concrete choices and issues that arouse strong feelings.In other words, moral refers to good and evil, while ethical refers to right and wrong. Because of the untruthful disclosure of his SALN per Code of Ethics, former SC headspring Justice Renato Corona was found ethically wanting for which he was impeached, despite his superior legalistic knowledge of law Hence, we could say that what is moral is always ethical, but what is ethical is not necessarily moral. Hence, when an elected politician acts according to RA 6714, his behavior is ethical as well as legal what is ethical is always legal, but what is legal is not necessarily ethical.The Pursuit of Ethical Politics Our major problem in the pursuit of ethical politics is the lack of political will on the part of the people as electorate. Let us awaken and educate their political consciousness, and empower their political will by making them conscious of their being the political dynasty that is superior over all existing political dynasties of oligarchs per mandate of Article II, Section 1 that the people are the habitat of sovereign power, but the exercise of such pwer is delegated and vested upon elected politicians.Assume that Congress would never pass the law enabling the policy against political dynasties let us then resort to the principle of Section 1 in Article II. This principle does not crave any enabling law because it is precisely the ultimate basis of all enabling laws. This is the principle wherefore the political candidates try to win the votes of the people during political campaigns. We have indeed laws prescribing the requirements of the policy to vote. The Social Ethics Society can start the movement to marginalize the political dynasties,, if not altogether eliminate them at last from the political landscape of the Philippine.